Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2: Insights into the epidemiology of the pandemic.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and disease symptoms in Malakand, Pakistan. MATERIALS & METHOD: 623 samples with suspected SARS-CoV-2 were collected from different regions of Malakand and analyzed to detect SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using ELISA. RESULTS: 306 (49.1%) 0 f 623 patients were anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG reactive, with a higher prevalence in males (75%) than females (25%). In this study, we enrolled two groups, subjects working in a non-medical setting and subjects working in a medical setting. Clinical symptoms were statistically linked with SARS-CoV-2. Four weeks of follow-up analysis of IgG titers in health care workers showed an increase in IgG antibodies titer. CONCLUSION: This study gives insights into the community-based spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection, associated immunity, and herd immunity in the studied population. This study can provide insights to the government about early vaccination of this population as most of the population is not yet vaccinated.

A review on corona virus pandemic: Update on epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Coronavirus, at present, has created major health havoc across the world. It has been declared as a global health threat by the World Health Organization (WHO). The world has already experienced major outbreaks of coronaviruses previously. A few of the major outbreaks from the past include Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012, and the present Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-20). All of these belonged to Coronaviridae and have been known to cause respiratory infections mostly. The infection ranges from mild to severe and even death with common symptoms of fever, chills, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal problems, etc. This respective review article discusses the prominent members of Coronaviridae in detail. It highlights the major outbreaks of coronaviruses faced by the world and the substantial mortalities caused by them. It also talks about the most effectively used methods of diagnosis for such viruses andenumerates the antivirals and drug combinations found effective against the past and present coronavirus infections. Coronavirus is at present the hottest topic for study due to COVID-19. This review article aims to collectively present all the relevant data for our readers which can help them to strengthen their basic knowledge for future studies.